146: Dating in the Family

The Xian Stele, Chinese with a Syriac translation date Year of the Greeks 1092, over 1000 years into the Seleucid Era via Wikimedia

Like any good king, Antiochus I Soter had a royal family, and as his reign comes to an end, it’s time to talk about them, from his brother in Anatolia to troublesome sons and wide ranging in-laws. He’s in his Seleucid Era.
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145: From Antiochus to Ashoka

Sketch of the Aramaic inscription of Ashoka at Khalsi

After losing a large piece of the eastern empire to Chandragupta Maurya, the Seleucids didn’t just ignore their eastern neighbors. In the later decades of Seleucus’ reign, Megasthenes established diplomatic ties between the two eastern kingdoms. In the generations that followed, diplomacy and trade helped to stabilize both the Maurya and the Seleucids.
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143: The First Syrian War

Ptolemy II and Arsinoe II via Wikimedia

No sooner had Antiochus I defeated the new-found Galatians in Anatolia, than war erupted in the south. Magas, brother of Ptolemy II and self-declared King of Cyrene, formed a marriage alliance with Antiochus before fighting a war of succession against his brother, dragging the Seleucid Empire along for the ride.
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142: Gauls With Gall

Map of Galatian settlement routes before the Elephant Victory, via Wikimedia

After sweeping through the Balkans with their kin, three tribes of Gauls in Thrace drew the attention of the embattled Nicomeides of Bithynia as potential allies in his war against a Seleucid-backed opponent. The Gauls crossed the Bosporus and swept through Nicomeides enemies with ease before turning their sites on the war torn regions of Seleucid Anatolia.
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141: The Age of Antiochus

Gold Stater of Antiochus I from Ai Khanoum via Wikimedia

Antiochus I succeeded his father Seleucus in 281 BCE, and he was immediately plunged into a series of revolts, invasion, and crises in every direction. Ptolemy II was seizing land. The reconquest of the northern dynasts was horribly mismanaged, and as a cherry on top, Gauls suddenly invaded Greece.
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137: Who are you again?… Again

Approximate map of the Hellenistic world c.300 BCE (in Spanish), via Wikimedia

Today, we step back from the narrative to see what kind of empire Seleucus was actually running here.
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Ian Mladjov’s Maps https://sites.google.com/a/umich.edu/imladjov/maps

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136: Ipsus

Rough combat map for the Battle of Ipsus – Cavalry in slashed blocks, phalanges infantry in solid blocks, skirmishers in dots, elephants in ovals – via Wikimedia

The Wars of the Diadochoi did not end in 301 BCE, but their Fourth War finished with a dramatic turning point in the Battle of Ipsus as Antigonus and Demetrius faced off against Seleucus, Lysimachus, and Pleistarchus.
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133: Meet the Diadochoi

Demetrius’ Attack on Rhodes from Cassell’s illustrated universal history, 1882

After the death of Alexander IV, the former friends and generals of Alexander the Great held their breath, waiting almost a year to resume their wars. The Fourth War of the Diadochoi saw them claim their royal titles as the Successors as Cassander, Ptolemy, and Demetrius battled for dominance.
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